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John Adams wrote to Thomas Jefferson in 1778:
``All the perplexities, confusion and distress in America arise, not from defects in their Constitution or Confederation, not from want of honor or virtue, so much as from the downright ignorance of the nature of coin, credit and circulation.''
Thomas Jefferson said:
``If the American people ever allow private banks to control the issue of their currency first by inflation and then by deflation, the banks and corporations that will grow up around them will deprive the people of all propertyuntil their children will wake up homeless on the continent their fathers conquered.''
``I hope we shall crush in its birth the aristocracy of the moneyed corporations, which dare already to challenge our Government to trial of strength and bid defiance to the laws of our country.'' (From Jefferson's letter to George Logan, November 1816.)
President Andrew Jackson said the following words to the money changers who approached him in the drawing room of the White House:
``Gentlemen, I have had men watching you for a long time and I am convinced that you have used the funds of the bank to speculate in the breadstuffs of the country. When you won, you divided the profits amongst you, and when you lost, you charged it to the bank. You tell me that if I take the deposits from the bank and annul its charter I shall ruin ten thousand families. That may be true, gentlemen, but thatis your sin! Should I let you go on you will ruin fifty thousand families, and that would be my sin! You are a den of vipers and thieves. I have determined to rout you out, and by the Eternal God, I will rout you out!''
James A. Garfield is reported to have said:
``Whoever controls the volume of money in any country is absolute master of all industry and commerce.''